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Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos are a fictional World War II unit in comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, they first appeared in ''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos'' #1 (cover dated May 1963). The main character, Sgt. Nick Fury, later became the leader of Marvel's super-spy agency, S.H.I.E.L.D.. Occasional other members would join for an issue or two before being killed, transferred, or otherwise leaving (such as Fred Jones in issue #81). Also daringly for the time, the series killed Fury's girlfriend, British nurse Pamela Hawley, introduced in issue #4 and killed in a London air raid in #18 (May 1965). Fury's company commander was Captain Samuel "Happy Sam" Sawyer. ==Publication history== Stan Lee has described the series ''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos'' as having come about due to a bet with his publisher, Martin Goodman that the Lee-Kirby style could make a book sell even with the worst title Lee could devise.〔Ro, Ronin. ''Tales to Astonish: Jack Kirby, Stan Lee, and the American Comic Book Revolution'' (Bloomsbury USA, 2005 reissue ISBN 1-58234-566-X), p. 78: 〕 Lee elaborated on that claim in a 2007 interview, responding to the suggestion that the series title did not necessarily seem bad: Comics-artist contemporary John Severin recalled in an interview conducted in the early 2000s that in the late 1950s, Kirby had approached him to be partners on a syndicated, newspaper comic strip "set in Europe during World War Two; the hero would be a tough, cigar-chomping sergeant with a squad of oddball GIs — sort of an adult ''Boy Commandos''",〔Ro, pp. 78-79〕 referring to a 1940s wartime "kid gang" comics series Kirby had co-created for DC Comics. ''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos'' followed an elite special unit, the First Attack Squad, nicknamed the "Howling Commandos," which was stationed in a military base in England to fight missions primarily, but not exclusively, in the European theatre of World War II. Under Captain "Happy Sam" Sawyer, Fury was the cigar-chomping noncom who led the racially and ethnically integrated unit, unusual for the time.〔Lovece, ''Nimbus'' #3, p. 4: "()he book was unlike most group comics in that the cast were not all WASP, but instead, a superb melting pot of various religions, races, colors, and creeds, an incredible challenge to do naturalistically yet inoffensively."〕 Even in the early 1960s, Lee was obliged to send a memo to the color separator at the printing plant to confirm that the character Gabe Jones was African American, after the character had appeared with Caucasian coloring in the first issue.〔 The series ran 167 issues (May 1963 - Dec. 1981), though with reprints alternating with new stories from issue #80 (Sept. 1970), and only in reprints after issue #120 (July 1974); at this point the formal copyrighted title in the indicia, which had been simply ''Sgt. Fury'', was changed to match the trademarked cover logo, ''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos''.〔(''Sgt. Fury'' ) (issues #1-120) at the Grand Comics Database〕〔(''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos'' ) (issues #121-167) at the Grand Comics Database〕 Following seven issues by creators Lee and Kirby (who returned to collaborate on #13 and on the opening and closing pages of #18),〔 penciller Dick Ayers began his long stint on what would be his signature series, penciling 95 issues, including two extra-length annuals.〔Lovece, ''Nimbus'' #3, p. 6〕 John Severin later joined as inker, forming a long-running, award-winning team; he would, additionally, both pencil and ink issues #44-46. The series' only other pencilers came on one issue each by Tom Sutton (which Ayers said was "done that time I asked for a furlough and reassignment")〔Ayers in Lovece, ''Nimbus'' #3, p. 9〕 and Herb Trimpe ("They shuffled Trimpe and me around, () to ''Fury'' and () and Severin to '' Roy Thomas followed Lee as writer, himself followed by Gary Friedrich, for whom this also became a signature series.〔(''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos ) at the Grand Comics Database〕 Ayers said in 1977, "Stan Lee left ''Fury'' first to Roy Thomas because the superheroes were gaining in popularity at that time it was best he concentrate on them," referring to the young Marvel's then growing line of superhero comics, such as ''Fantastic Four'' and ''The Amazing Spider-Man''. "I must admit I resented somewhat those superheroes taking Stan away from ''Fury''!〔Ayers in Lovece, ''Nimbus'' #3, p. 7〕 Friedrich began as a co-scripter of issues #42-44 (May–July 1967). The Friedrich-Ayers-Severin team began in earnest, however, with #45 (Aug. 1967), the first of what would be several of the series' "The" stories: "The War Lover," a shaded exploration of a trigger-happy soldier and the line drawn, even in war, between killing and murder. Daring for the time, when majority public sentiment still supported the undeclared Vietnam War, the story balanced present-day issues while demonstrating that even in what is referred to as "a just war", a larger morality prevails. As one writer in the 1970s observed, At his best, Ayers' art in ''Sgt. Fury'' showed "a clear, forthright storyteller, excellent in medium close shots with a subtly out-of-focus background. He blended large panels with thin or small ones for movement, and often provided vast, cinemascopic panoramas for his writers to work with.... ()ven in a scene that would ordinarily be static you could feel his characters breathing."〔Lovece, ''Nimbus'' #3, p. 7〕 Inker Severin "took the art even further, laying dark, scratchy inks" that gave grit to Ayers' pencils.〔 Ayers himself "liked the results of John Severin's work on ''Sgt. Fury'' immensely," he said in 1977. "He added details beyond what I'd put in. He always seemed to go one step beyond."〔 Friedrich continued through #83 (Jan. 1971), with the late part of this run having reprint issues alternating with new stories. He returned for the even-numbered issues from #94-114 (Jan. 1972 - Nov. 1973).〔 ''Sgt. Fury'' ran concurrently with two other, short-lived Marvel World War II series, ''Capt. Savage and his Leatherneck Raiders'' (later titled ''Captain Savage and his Battlefield Raiders''), which lasted 19 issues from 1968–1970; and ''Combat Kelly'', which lasted nine issues from 1972-1973. The Howlers guest starred in #6 and #11 of the former series, and #4 of the latter. The final issue, #167 (Dec. 1981) reprinted the first issue.〔 Seven annual publications appeared, the first titled ''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos Special King Size Annual'' #1 (1965), and the remainder titled ''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos King-Size Special'' #2-7 (1966 - Nov. 1971), with hyphen and sans "Annual". The final three contain reprints only, save for a 10-page framing sequence in #6. In annuals #1 and #3, the Howlers reunited for a special mission each in the Korean War and the Vietnam War, respectively; annual #2 found them storming the beaches at Normandy on D-Day in 1944, and annual #4 was a flashback to the Battle of the Bulge.〔(''Sgt. Fury Annual'' ) at the Grand Comics Database〕 One latter-day story was published in ''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos'' #1 (July 2009), as the cover logo read; its copyright indicia read ''Sgt. Fury & His Howling Commandos One-Shot'' #1. The 32-page story, "Shotgun Opera", was by writer Jesse Alexander and artist John Paul Leon.〔(''Sgt. Fury & His Howling Commandos One-Shot'' #1 ) at the Grand Comics Database.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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